“How a German Torpedo Sank Ambedkar’s PhD Thesis and Sparked His Academic Resilience”

The Unlikely Victim of World War I

In 1917, amidst the chaos of World War I, BR Ambedkar, one of India’s most influential intellectuals, faced an unexpected setback. Aboard the British steamer SS Salcette, Ambedkar sent a critical part of his academic work—a draft of his PhD dissertation and an extensive collection of books—via cargo. Unfortunately, these invaluable documents would soon be lost forever.

The German Attack and Its Impact on Ambedkar’s Work

On July 20, 1917, a German submarine, UB-40, fired a torpedo that struck the SS Salcette. The attack resulted in the deaths of 15 crew members and sank the ship into the English Channel. Tragically, Ambedkar’s doctoral dissertation, along with his books and papers, was lost in the wreckage. In his book, Becoming Babasaheb: The Life and Times of Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar (Volume 1), Aakash Singh Rathore revisits this remarkable event.

Ambedkar’s Resilience Amid Adversity

Despite the devastating loss, Ambedkar did not allow it to derail his academic journey. He remained determined to continue his studies. Ambedkar went on to earn multiple doctorates and honorary degrees, solidifying his place as a prominent intellectual.

At the time of the attack, Ambedkar was forced to return to India after his Baroda scholarship expired. He had completed coursework for his MSc at the London School of Economics and was progressing toward a PhD at Columbia University. However, his dissertation remained unfinished. Ambedkar had also begun his legal training at Gray’s Inn.

Ambedkar sent his papers separately via the SS Salcette while he traveled aboard the SS Kaisar-i-Hind back to India. The torpedo attack claimed these vital documents and books, sending them to the bottom of the sea.

A Warm Welcome and Continued Academic Pursuits

When Ambedkar arrived in Bombay on August 21, 1917, he was warmly greeted by the Mahar community in recognition of his academic achievements. Though the loss of his documents was tragic, Ambedkar did not let it hinder his progress. He returned to London to complete his PhD and legal training, continuing to excel in both fields.

Ambedkar’s Legacy: A Tribute on His 135th Anniversary

On his 135th anniversary, the nation honored Ambedkar, the architect of the Indian Constitution. His vision and leadership continue to inspire people across India. The story of his lost dissertation is a testament to his resilience and determination.

Key Takeaways:

• In 1917, Ambedkar’s dissertation and books were lost when the SS Salcette was torpedoed by a German submarine.
• Despite the setback, Ambedkar went on to achieve multiple doctorates and honorary degrees.
• His legacy continues to inspire, especially on his 135th anniversary, for his role in shaping India’s Constitution and advancing social justice reforms.

Ambedkar’s journey proves that adversity can lead to great achievements. His academic resilience and leadership remain a source of inspiration today.